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Neoromicia malagasyensis
''Neoromicia malagasyensis'' is a vespertilionid bat of Madagascar in the genus ''Neoromicia''. It is known only from the vicinity of the Isalo National Park in the southwestern part of the island, where it has been caught in riverine habitats. After the first specimen was caught in 1967, it was described as a subspecies of ''Eptesicus somalicus'' (now ''Neoromicia somalica'') in 1995. After four more specimens were collected in 2002 and 2003, it was recognized as a separate species. Because of its small distribution and the threat of habitat destruction, it is considered "Endangered" in the IUCN Red List.
''Neoromicia malagasyensis'' is a relatively small species, with a forearm length of 30 to 32 mm (1.2 to 1.3 in) and a body mass of 3.9 to 9 g (0.1 to 0.3 oz). The fur is dark brown above and mixed buff and gray below. The ears are translucent and the tibia is short. The baculum (penis bone) resembles that of ''N. melckorum'', but is smaller. The duration of the echolocation call, which consists of a component with rapidly falling frequency and one showing more stable frequency, averages 4.9 ms and the interval between calls averages 69.1 ms.
==Taxonomy==
In their 1995 review of Malagasy bats, Randolph Peterson and colleagues established ''Eptesicus somalicus malagasyensis'', a new subspecies of ''Eptesicus somalicus''〔Peterson et al., 1995, p. 100〕 (currently ''Neoromicia somalica''). They had only a single specimen and noted that further material was needed to assess the new form's relationship with ''E. somalicus''.〔Peterson et al., 1995, p. 101〕 Studies in 2001 and 2002 provided evidence that ''E. somalicus'' and related species are not closely related to ''Eptesicus'' (nor to ''Pipistrellus'', where they have also been placed), so that these species were allocated to the separate genus ''Neoromicia''.〔Goodman and Ranivo, 2004, p. 434〕 In 2004, Steven Goodman and Julie Ranivo reviewed the Malagasy subspecies after collecting two more specimens〔Goodman and Ranivo, 2004, p. 435〕 and concluded that it was distinct enough to be classified as a separate species, ''Neoromicia malagasyensis''.〔Goodman and Ranivo, 2004, p. 438〕 Two years later, Paul Bates and colleagues reported on two more specimens〔 and showed that the bacula (penis bones) of ''N. malagasyensis'' and ''N. somalica'' are different, providing further evidence that they are distinct species. However, they recommended that further research assess the degree of difference between ''N. malagasyensis'' and ''N. matroka'' (formerly in ''Eptesicus'', but placed in ''Neoromicia'' by Bates and colleagues), which occurs further east in Madagascar.〔Bates et al., 2006, p. 315〕 The IUCN Red List currently again classifies the species in ''Eptesicus'', as ''Eptesicus malagasyensis''.〔
''Neoromicia malagasyensis'' is one of at least six species of small vespertilionid bats ("pipistrelles") on Madagascar, in addition to ''N. matroka'', ''N. melckorum'', ''Pipistrellus hesperidus'', ''P. raceyi'', and ''Hypsugo anchietae''. The classification of these bats has historically been controversial, leading to many changing identifications and generic assignments.〔Bates et al., 2006, pp. 299–300〕 The genus ''Neoromicia'' is exclusively African and included 11 species in the 2005 third edition of ''Mammal Species of the World'';〔Simmons, 2005, pp. 493–495〕 more species, like ''N. malagasyensis'' and ''N. matroka'', have been added since. Common names proposed for this species include "Isalo Serotine"〔 and "Peterson's 'pipistrelle.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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